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Two Centuries of Shadow Catchers History of Photography by Ronald P. Lovell, Fre
Two Centuries of Shadow Catchers History of Photography by Ronald P. Lovell, Fred C. Zwahlen, Jr., James A. Folts
Soft cover
Copyright 1996 by Delmar Publishers Inc.
200 pages
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1THE DAWN OF PHOTOGRAPHY1
Primitive Beginnings to Help Painters
The First Photograph
The Daguerreotype
William Henry Fox Talbot and the Calotype
CHAPTER 2PHOTOGRAPHY AS ART19
Nudes and Other Subjects
"Genre" Photographs
Alfred Stieglitz
CHAPTER 3CAMERAS AND TECHNIQUES: FROM MOUSETRAPS TO ROLL FILM 29
Simple Boxes
Adding Mirrors and Bellows
Glass Plates
The Wet Collodion
Paper Roll Film
Changing Camera Design
CHAPTER 4PHOTOGRAPHY GOES TO WAR37
The Crimean War
The American Civil War
Brady and His Remarkable Assistants
CHAPTER 5PHOTOGRAPHY TO DEPICT PEOPLE AND THEIR LIVES55
Documenting Real Things
Jacob Riis and Tenement Life
Lewis Hine and the Poor
Edward S. Curtis and Native Americans
CHAPTER 6PHOTOGRAPHY TO DEPICT NATURE71
Muybridge's "YO-SEM-I-TE"
Timothy O'Sullivan's Geologic Journeys
William Henry Jackson's American West
Ansel Adams and the Great Outdoors
Edward Weston and Natural Objects
CHAPTER 7PHOTOGRAPHY AND THE DEPRESSION: THE FARM SECURITY ADMINISTRATION83
Photographing the "Submerged Third"
Assembling an Outstanding Staff
Dorothea Lange's Migrant Mother
Taking Thousands of Images
CHAPTER 8LIFE AND THE BEGINNING OF PHOTOJOURNALISM97
Photojournalism in Europe
Precarious Launch
Life's Impact
The End of the Line
CHAPTER 9PHOTOGRAPHY GOES TO WAR, AGAIN (AND AGAIN)109
Photos as Propaganda
Focus: Photography in World War I
Joining the Armies
Raising the Flag Over Iwo Jima
Bourke-White and Capa
Focus: Photography in the Vietnam War
CHAPTER 10WOMEN AS PHOTOGRAPHERS123
Three Classifications
Cunningham, Lange, Bourke-White
Two Overlooked Photographers
CHAPTER 11COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY133
Studio Photographers
Industrial Photographers
Advertising Photographers
CHAPTER 12COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY: FROM HAND TINTING TO NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE149
Early Color Experiments
Enter Kodachrome
The Rise of National Geographic
Color and the Geographic
The Impact of the National Geographic
CHAPTER 13CAMERAS AND FILM REVISITED169
Reflex Cameras
The 35mm Leica
Polaroid
Film
CHAPTER 14PHOTOGRAPHY AS ART REVISITED169
Alfred Stieglitz
Edward Steichen
Clarence White
Man Ray
Paul Strand
Making the Conventional, Unconventional
The Legacy of Cartier-Bresson
CHAPTER 15 THE FUTURE OF PHOTOGRAPHY181
Chemical and Electronic Photography
Development of Electronic Photography
Advantages, Disadvantages, and Implications of Electronic Photography
APPENDICES193
Glossary
Additional reading
INDEX199
Explore photography from its primitive beginnings! Two Centuries of Shadowcatchers: History of Photography takes you on a concise journey beginning with photography's birth. Chronological coverage captures important developments including the emergence of photography as art, its acceptance as photojournalism, and the new age of electronic image manipulation.
Includes rare coverage of women photographers, featuring the work of Dorothea Lange and Margaret Bourke-White
Depicts photography as a witness to war, from the Crimean War through the Vietnam War
Presents remarkable photographic studies of Native American culture by Edward S. Curtis
PREFACE
This was a complicated book to write. In fact, writing was only half the task we faced in bringing the story of photography to these pages. Locating and gathering the more than 100 photos was equal parts detective work and perseverance. Our success in this endeavor is due in large part to the help we received from staff members at a number of photo archives and museums. We thank them-and the owners and donors of individual photographs-for this assistance. As always, our wonderful friend Chris Johns contributed a number of his magnificent photos. We thank him for that.
We express our gratitude as well to Delmar editors Mike McDermott, Vern Anthony, and, most especially, John Anderson, who went above and beyond the normal duties of an administrative editor. We also wish to thank others at Delmar: Barbara Riedell, project editor; Larry Main, production coordinator; Lisa Bower, art/design coordinator; Anne Harding, freelance copy editor; and Helen Kinsella, proofreader. Liz Kingslien, our designer, gave the book its distinctive look. The words and photos on these pages would be rather lifeless without her special touch, for which we thank her, along with Amy Charron, who did the illustrations in Chapter 13. We also thank our intrepid typist, Treena Martin.
We appreciate the comments of our reviewers: Jerry Hoffman, Tucson High School, Arizona; Daniel Dantonic, Downington Senior High School in Pennsylvania; Ling-Hsiao Lee, Central Michigan University; and Bryan LaFollette, Vincennes University in Indiana.
In the end, of course, this book would not have been possible without the lifelong work of a remarkable group of men and women who devoted their lives to their profession. These "shadow catchers" overcame great technical obstacles to perfect an art form that has given pleasure to millions of people over the years. Their collective ability to capture haunting images in the cameras lens has enriched our culture and our souls.
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