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Traffic Library Principles of Classification 1918 Hard Cover 295 pages
Principles of Classification Committees Schedules Rules
Copyright 1918
Hard Cover
295 pages. Library stamp inside front cover, notice interior binding
Principles of Classification
CONTENTS
Classification of Property for Transportation- Fundamental Principles.
CHAPTER I. The Commercial Traffic Flows.
1. Evolution of Industry and Commerce 3
2. Factors Controlling Traffic Centers and Markets 4
3. Traffic Flows of Food Stuffs, Manufactured Articles, and Raw Materials 6
(1) Coal 7
(2) Lead, Copper, and Silver 8
(3) Logs and Lumber 8
(4) Ore 8
(5) Hides, Pelts, and Skins 9
(6) Wool 9
(7) Cotton 10
(8) Grains 10
(9) Live Stock and Packing House Products 11
(10) Dairy Products 11
(11) Fruits and Vegetables 11
(12) Seafoods 12
(13) Products of Manufacture 12
CHAPTER II. Nature of Transportation Charges.
1. Variety of Articles of Commerce Transported 17
2. Free Traffic Movement Principles 18
3. The Legal Rate Problem 20
4. The Unreasonable Rate Problem 23
5. The Discriminatory Rate Problem 24
CHAPTER III. Meaning of Class and Commodity Rates.
1. Individual Rates on all Articles Impracticable 29
2. Nature of Class Rates 31
3. Nature of Commodity Rates 31
4. Kinds of Freight Tariffs and Rates 33
CHAPTER IV. Classification Committees.
1. Committees Controlling General Classification Territories, having Jurisdiction, etc 37
2. Origin, Organization, Duties, and Powers of Classification Committees having Jurisdiction over Interstate and State Traffic 39
(1) The Official Classification Committee.
1a. Organization and Representation 40
2a. Legal Status of the Official Classification Committee 40
3a. Duties and Powers of the Official Classification Committee 41
4a. Territorial Jurisdiction of the Official Classification Committee 41
5a. Issues of the Official Classification 42
(2) The Western Classification Committee
ia. Organization and Representation 42
2a. Legal Status of the Western Classification Committee 43
3a. Territorial Jurisdiction of Western Classification Committee 44
4a. Principal Office of Western Classification Committee 44
5a. Issues of Western Classification 44
(3) Southern Classification Committee.
1a. Organization and Representation 44
2a. Legal Status of Southern Classification Committee... 45
3a. Jurisdiction of Southern Classification Committee 45
4a. Principal Office of Southern Classification Committee 45
5a. Issues of Southern Classification 45
6a. Exceptions to Southern Classification 45
3. Committees and Authorities Controlling State Classifications. Class Arrangement 45
(1) Arkansas.
(2) Florida.
(3) Georgia.
(4) Illinois.
(5) Iowa.
(6) Mississippi.
(7) Nebraska.
(8) North Carolina.
(9) South Carolina.
(10) Texas.
(11) Virginia.
CHAPTER V. Classification Schedules.
1. The Purpose of Classification Schedules 53
2. The Nature of Classification Schedules 54
(1) Legal Status of the Classification Schedule 54
(2) Participating Carriers 55
(3) Index of Rules 55
(4) Rules and Conditions of Shipment 56
(5) Index of Articles 57
(6) Classification of Articles 58
(7) Explanatory Characters 60
1a. Official Classification 60
2a. Western Classification 61
3a. Southern Classification 6i
(8) Groups or Classes of the Interstate Classification Schedules 62
3. How Classification Schedules may be Procured by the Shipper 62
4. Application of Classification Schedules. How Determined 63
(1) Determining Application of Class Rates to Shipment 65
(2) Classification Schedule Governing Through Rates 65
(3) Classification Schedules Governing Combination Rates 66
5. Territorial Application of Official, Southern, and Western Classifications 67
(I) Official Classification Applications and Overlaps.
1a. Traffic to Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas 67
2a. Traffic to Arizona 67
3a. Traffic to Colorado and Utah 67
4a. Traffic to Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Nevada 68
5a. Traffic to Canada 68
6a. Traffic to Mexico 69
7a. Traffic to Cuba 69
8a. Traffic to Southeastern Territory 69
9a. Traffic to Florida, North and South Carolina, and Georgia 69
10a. Traffic to Virginia 69
11a. Traffic to Alabama 70
12a. Traffic to Louisiana, East of the Mississippi River 70
13a. Traffic to Mississippi 70
14a. Traffic to Kentucky 70
15a. Traffic to Tennessee 70
(2) Western Classification Applications.
1a. Transcontinental Traffic 70
2a. Traffic to Official Classification Territory 71
3a. The Mississippi Valley 71
4a. Illinois Application 71
5a. Traffic to Mexico 71
6a. Traffic to Canada 71
7a. Traffic to Southeastern Territory 72
8a. Exceptions to general application of Western Classification Ratings 72
9a. Traffic Destined to Points in Southern Classification Territory 72
10a. Exception as to New Orleans and Memphis Rate Points 73
11a. Application at Missouri River Crossings.
1b. Kansas 73
2b. Iowa 73
3b. Illinois 74
4b. Missouri 74
5b. Montana 74
6b. North Dakota 74
7b. South Dakota 74
8b. Utah 74
9b. Northern Peninsula of Michigan 74
10b. Minnesota 74
11b. Wisconsin 74
(3) Southern Classification Applications.
1a. Traffic to Official Classification Territory 75
2a. Southeastern Basing Points to Trunk Line Territory 75
3a. Interior Southeastern Points to Trunk Line Territory 75
4a. Traffic to Western Termini of Trunk Lines and Central Freight Association Territory. 76
5a. Transcontinental Traffic 76
6a. Through West-bound Rates 76
7a. Combination West-bound Rates. 76
8a. Applications to Idaho, east of Kuna 76
9a. Illinois 77
10a. Iowa 77
11a. Kansas 77
12a. Northern Peninsula of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin 78
13a. Missouri 78
14a. Montana 78
15a. Nebraska 78
16a. North and South Dakota 78
17a. Utah 79
CHAPTER VI. Exceptions to the Application of Classification Schedules.
1. Reasons for Exceptions to Classification 83
2. Tariff Exceptions to Classification Schedules How Determined 84
3. Tariff Exceptions to Classification Schedules How Applied 85
CHAPTER VII. Methods of Classifying Property.
1. Inherent Nature of the Article 89
2. Quantity Shipped 94
3. Packing Requirements 95
4. Rules Governing Risk and Liability 97
CHAPTER VIII. Packing Requirements and Rules.
1. Goods Shipped in Bulk. Bulk Freight105
2. Articles Set-Up or Knocked-Down106
3. Goods Nested and Nested Solid 107
4. Goods Shipped on Skids108
5. Goods Packed in Containers 108
6. Goods Shipped in Fibre-Box Packing109
7. Goods Shipped in Crates109
8. Goods Shipped in Boxes109
9. Goods Shipped in Bags, Bales, etc 111
CHAPTER IX. Quantity of Goods Shipped.
1. Carload Shipments115
2. Less than Carload Shipments 118
3. Any-Quantity Shipments 120
4. Less than Carload Charge Should Not Exceed the Carload Charge121
5. When Quantity of Single Shipments Exceeds Carload Minimum Weight121
6. Freight in Excess of Full Carload121
7. Articles Requiring Two or More Cars123
8. Effect of Minimum Carload Weights127
CHAPTER X. Interpretation and Comparison of Classification Rules.
1. Application of Uniform and Carrier's Bills of Lading. Marine Insurance 134-137
2. Description of Articles in Shipment138
3. Requirements and Specifications Governing the Use of Fibre Packages .138
4. Marking Freight 141
1a. Freight Exempt from Marking144
2a. Comparing Marks with Shipping Order or Bill of Lading144
3a. Old Marks Must be Removed145
4a. Freight in Excess of Full Carload to be Marked 145
5. Misdescription of Contents of Packages and Inspection Thereof145
Ia. Penalties for False Billing, etc., by Carriers, their Agents, or Officers145
2a. Penalties for False Representation by Shippers 146
3a. Inspection of Property147
6. Carload Shipments149
1a. Minimum Carload Weights150
2a. Estimated Weights Per Wine Gallon on Commodities Transported in Tank Car 160
3a. Ton Weights163
4a. Minimum Carload Weights for Flat, Gondola, or Stock Cars163
5a. Requirements Necessary to Obtain Carload Rating and Rate163
6a. Part Carloads.-No Receipts to be Issued Therefor 164
7a. Distribution of Carload Shipments164
8a. Freight in Excess of Full Carload166
9a. Carrier's Agent May Not Act as Agent of Shipper166
10a. Carload Freight Must Be Weighed.-Actual Weight to Govern When in Excess of Minimum Carload Weight 166
7. Gross and Estimated Weights167
8. Articles Requiring Two or More Cars169
1a. Articles too Bulky or too Long to be Loaded in Box Cars through the Side Door thereof170
9. Bulk Freight173
1a. Loading and Unloading Less than Carload and Carload Freight174
10. Demurrage and Car Service Charges176
11. Mixed Carloads, Ratings on177
12. Less than Carload Charge not to Exceed Carload Charge191
13. Salting and Refrigeration of Property in Transit 192
PREFACE
CLASSIFICATION OF PROPERTY FOR TRANSPORTATION - FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES.
THERE are approximately twenty-five thousand kinds of goods offered for shipment in this country. It is estimated that there are about a hundred million rates published in the tariffs of the carriers operating in the United States. It is obvious that it would be impracticable, if not wholly impossible, to make and publish individual rates on every one of the various articles shipped, between all points. In order to meet this complex condition, the carriers have found it necessary to classify articles in groups, placing a large number of commodities having transportation likenesses in one class or group, and charging a certain amount per hundred pounds for the transportation of all articles in a defined group or class between any two points.
The Classification of articles is the first factor in determining the cost of their shipment. For this reason the next logical step in studying Interstate Commerce and Traffic Management Work is an understanding of the factors controlling classification. This subject covers all of the essential information required in classifying all classes of goods for shipment to all points in this country and to foreign ports. It comprehends a knowledge of the Nature of the Articles to be Classified; Principles of Classification; Comparison of Classifications, and the study of Uniform Classification. It shows how to classify a shipment in such a way that it will be entitled to the legal rate in the tariff applying on the shipment. The reasonableness of a class rating and the methods used in determining and making classification groups and rules are taken up fully in another part of the work.
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