{"product_id":"railroads-and-government-by-frank-haigh-dixon-hard-cover","title":"Railroads and Government by Frank Haigh Dixon Hard Cover","description":"\u003cbody\u003e\n\u003c!-- HTML Generated by Auction Wizard 2000 - http:\/\/www.AuctionWizard2000.com\/ --\u003e\n\n\n   \u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\n   \u003cmeta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\"\u003e\n\n\n\u003c!-- AW2KLOT#:161343 --\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width:98%;padding:2px;margin:auto;border:5px outset #673434;background-color:#FDF3D0\"\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"border:1px inset #673434;margin:5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width:100%;border:0px;padding:5px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\"padding:5px\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial Black;font-size:1.5em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eRailroadTreasures\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial Black;font-size:1.5em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial Black;font-size:1.5em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration: underline;\"\u003eoffers the following item:\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:1.0em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003c\/td\u003e\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd style=\";padding:5px\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eRailroads and Government by Frank Haigh Dixon Hard Cover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eRailroads and Government by Frank Haigh Dixon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eTheir relations in the United States 1910--1921\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eHard Cover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003e384 pages\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eCopyright 1922\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eCONTENTS\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eI. INTRODUCTION  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eConditions under which the Interstate Commerce Commission developed-Reasons for its lack of accomplishment in its early years-Amendments of 1906-The plan of this volume.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eFEDERAL REGULATION, 1910 TO 1916\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eII. RATE REGULATION   7\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003ePower to suspend rates-Reasoning upon which the amendment was based-Burden of proof thrown on the carrier-English v. American practice-Attempt to require advance approval of rate increases-Railroad co-operation in rate procedure-Rate cases, 1910 to 1916-Disagreement in the Commission concerning its function in rate-making-Financial situation of roads, 1908 to 1916-Causes for decline in railroad credit-Forwarding Case-New York Harbor Case-North Dakota Coal Case and Norfolk and Western Passenger Case.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eIII. THE LONG AND SHORT HAUL   28\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eHistory of the long and short haul clause to 1910-Amendment of r910-The problem in the South concerning both passenger and freight traffic-The trans-continental situation-Establishment of the zone principle and the differential-History of trans-continental rates to 1921-Commissioner Lane on rate policy-Supreme Court on the water-competition clause.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eIV. THE COMMERCE COURT   43\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eIts functions-Defense by Attorney-General-Illinois Central Coal-Car Distribution Case-Goodrich Transit Co. Case-Pacific Coast Switching Cases-Procter \u0026amp; Gamble Case-The Lemon Case-Summary of the controversy between court and Commission-Reasons for the abolition of the court.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eV. ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES   52\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eGeneral increase in powers-The pipe-line amendment. 1. Discrimination-Tap-lines. 2. Commodities clause-Judicial history-The Reading Case-The policy of the Commission-3. Express rates-Zone system of rate-making. 4. Mail pay-History of the controversy-Commission's decision of 1919. 5. Accounting-His-tory of Section 20 and development of accounting regulations following amendment of 1906-Inspection of accounts-Violations of accounting regulations-Court cases-Depreciation-Separation of operating expenses. 6. Valuation-The Act of 1914-Work of the Bureau of Valuation-Valuation theories of the Commission-Importance of the valuation. 7. Safety measures-Jurisdiction of the Commission-Block-signals-Failure of the human element-Trespassing-The automatic stop-Hours of Service Law.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eVI. RELATIONS OF RAIL AND WATER LINES . . . . 81\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eUnreality of water competition-Statutory power of Commission over water traffic-Panama Canal Act-Intercorporate relationships of water and rail carriers-Commission's interpretation of the Panama Canal Act and its consequences-Regulation of physical connections at ports and docks.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eVII. THE LABOR PROBLEM   89\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eDevelopment of \"concerted\" movements-National legislation, the Erdman Act-The Newlands Act-Wage controversies, 1910 to 1916-Weaknesses of the arbitration method-The movement for the eight-hour day in train-service-Passage of the Eight-hour Law -Its constitutionality tested-Report of the Eight-hour Commission-Estimate of wage increases.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eTHE WAR PERIOD\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eVIII. THE RAILROADS' WAR BOARD   107\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eRailroad organization for Mexican border troubles-Functions of Council of National Defense-Creation of Railroads' War Board-Existing legislation applicable to the emergency-Car-service organization-Esch Car-Service Act-Priority Act-Distribution and allocation of equipment-Heavier loading and more rapid movement-The troop movement-Statistics of operating efficiency-Failure of complete achievement by the War Board.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eIX. FEDERAL CONTROL   119\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eOperating conditions at the time the Government took possession-The reasons for action by the President-The presidential proclamation-The Federal Control Act-The standard contract-The provision for maintenance of property-Controverted questions-Contracts signed-Was the compensation a fair one ?-The \"short-line\" situation and contract.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eX. FEDERAL OPERATION   133\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eAdministrative organization-Economies in service-Elimination of passenger service-The desirability of such methods in normal times-Unification of terminal facilities-The terminal problem-The permit system-Administration of marine terminals-Reduction of salaries of executives-Short-routing of freight-\"Sailing- day\"-plan-Solid train-loads-Administration of the-car-supply--Results of the pooling system-Miscellaneous contributions to efficient operation-The consolidated ticket office-Its future-Its legality-Advertising and soliciting-Operating Statistics Section Accounting-Standardized maintenance-Standardization in manufacture of locomotives and cars-Controversy over the allocation of cars-Unification of express companies-The express contract-Government operation of coastwise, canal, and river lines-Experience with the New York Barge Canal-The two purposes of the federal administration-Summary of operating results-The situation after the armistice.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXI. RATE REGULATION   158\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eRate increases-Effect of the increases contrasted with Administration predictions-Should the increase have been greater and more frequent 2-Uniform classification.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXII. RELATION OF THE RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION TO OTHER REGULATING AGENCIES 67\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eEffect of federal control upon the statutory rights of railroads-Interstate Commerce Commission deprived of its powers-Development of traffic conferences-Attempt to restore Commission's authority-Division of Public Service-Willamette Valley Lumber-men's Association Case-Long and short haul cases-Relation of federal administration to state authorities-North Dakota Case.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXIII. THE GOVERNMENT AND LABOR   177\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eLabor conditions at the outbreak of the war-The President and the Brotherhoods-Award of the Railroad Wage Commission-Adjustment boards-Statistics of wage increases-Dilatoriness of the Government in handling the wage problem-Success of the bipartisan adjustment boards-Development of standard rules and working conditions-The eight-hour day-The national agreements-Gains to labor from the Government policy-The question of labor efficiency during federal operation.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXIV. FINANCIAL RESULTS. SUMMARY OF FEDERAL OPERATION   191\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eSummary of contract terms-Funds available to Administration by Congressional grant-Operating deficit-The maintenance section of the contract-The controversy and its probable outcome-Physical condition of the properties-Government's policy concerning capital expenditures-Financial statement-Allocation of equipment-Miscellaneous investments-Statutory provisions relating to the guarantee period-Payments withheld by the Treasury-Congressional relief-The Funding Bill-Arguments pro and con-Use of the revolving fund-Summary of federal operation-The first year a necessity and on the whole a success-The second year one of waiting and hence unsatisfactory- Was the Administration wasteful and inefficient ?-Director-General Hines's opinion.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eTHE RETURN TO PRIVATE OPERATION\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXV. THE PROBLEM OF RECONSTRUCTION AND THE ACT OF 1920   213\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eNecessity for Congressional action-Previous investigation by Congress-The President's message-Director-General McAdoo's plan-Proposals of the Interstate Commerce Commission-Plan of Association of Railway Executives-Controversy over the place of the bondholder in management-Summary of proposals for legislation-The Plumb Plan-Legislative history of the Transportation Act of 1920-The guarantee period-Continuation of the conditions of the war contract-Rates not to be reduced before September 1, 1920.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXVI. THE PROBLEM OF RATES   227\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eThe rate section of the Act of 1920-Does not contain a guarantee-The return is on property, not securities-Elasticity to limitation on earnings-The problem of competing roads-Constitutionality of recapture plan-Obstacles to its practical working-Effect upon provision of new capital-Determination of property value-The rate decision of July, 1920-The New England rate situation-General results of the rate increases-Significant features of the rate section.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXVII. THE PROBLEM OF RATES (CONTINUED)   247\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003e1. Rate suspension-Development in administrative efficiency of Commission-Reorganization of procedure-Shortened period of rate suspension-Economic objections to refunding provision-The legal status of the reparation process-Administrative objections to refunding process. 2. Long and short haul-The Commission's rulings made a part of the statute-Decline in river competition. 3. Minimum rates-Attitude of the public in the past-Economic consequences of lack of control of the minimum-Amendment of 1920.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXVIII. THE CONFLICT OF JURISDICTION, STATE AND INTERSTATE  258\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eHistory of the controversy-The safety-appliance decision-The Minnesota and Shreveport Cases-The Act of 1920-Interpretation by Commission in enforcing its rate decision-The New York and Illinois Cases-Method of procedure, the Arkansas Case-Significance of this position, if sustained.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXIX. RAILROAD CONSOLIDATION AND FEDERAL INCORPORATION   268\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eCompulsory v. voluntary consolidation-Partial and complete consolidation-The provisions of the statute-John E. Oldham's plan-It demonstrates the reasonableness of the statutory scheme-Earlier attempts at combination untimely-Purpose of consolidation-Competition in service v. competition in rates-Constitutionality Desirability of consolidation-Pooling permitted-Will this be of importance ?-Consolidation of the express companies and the new contract with the railroads-The express company a superfluous agency-Federal incorporation-Arguments for and against it-The federal holding company.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXX. FEDERAL REGULATION OF CAPITALIZATION   284\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eEarlier attempts at legislation-The Federal Securities Commission-Relation of capitalization to rates-Relation of capitalization to credit standing-Dishonest financial management-Recent examples-Weakness of state control of capitalization-Provisions of Act of 1920-Prohibition of intercorporate directors and officers-Relation of the bankers to the railroads-Holding companies-The Burlington and Lackawanna stock increases-Capitalization of surplus-Position of the Commission.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXXI. ADMINISTRATIVE POWERS 300\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003e1. Service-Effect of competition upon service-Private-car problem-Amendments of 1920 concerning car-service-Emergency powers-Their exercise by the Commission-Certificate of public convenience. 2. Accounting and statistics-Depreciation rates to be prescribed by the Commission-Access to correspondence-Apportionment of expenses-Accumulation of commodity statistics-New classification of employees. 3. Cash payment of freight bills-Removal of discriminations.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXXII. REGULATION OF WAGES AND WORKING CONDITIONS   310\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eCondition of labor at the close of federal operation-Two legislative proposals, the anti-strike provision and the bipartisan mediation boards-Labor provisions of the Act of 1920-Wage increases of 1920-Bases of the decision-Reduction of wages in 1921-Violations of the Act-The Erie Railroad Case-National agreements-Their character and origin-The issue before the Labor Board-Decision of the Board-Labor code promulgated-Its significance-Failure of adjustment boards-The issue on the Pennsylvania-Relation of the Labor Board to the Interstate Commerce Commission.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXXIII. REGULATION OF WATER TRAFFIC 335\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eProcedure at the end of federal control-New York Barge Canal experience-Withdrawal of Government craft from the New York Barge Canal-Congressional declaration concerning water transportation-Jurisdiction of Commission over domestic portion of export commerce-Conflict of jurisdiction between Commission and Shipping Board-Criticism of our water-transportation policy.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eXXIV. THE FUTURE  340\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eThe railroad problem not solved-A line of development suggested-Government ownership-Government operation-Economic and political objections-Co-operative economies in operation-The terminal problem-Terminal costs-Allocation of equipment-Proposals of Association of Owners of Railroad Securities-The labor problem-National organization and local negotiation-Participation of employees in management-Compulsory arbitration a desirable goal-Competition of the motor-truck and necessity for cooperation-Water competition and co-operation-Railroad policy-A programme of co-operation supervised by the Commission-The Commission's administrative independence must be maintained.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eAPPENDICES\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eI. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE  367\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eII. TENTATIVE PLAN FOR RAILROAD CONSOLIDATION ' 369\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eINDEX  379\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003ePREFACE\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eTHE purpose of this book is to take up the story of the federal regulation of railroads in the United States where most of the treatises on transportation have dropped it, at lip 0, and bring the history down to the present year. There is no intention to trace from the beginning the development of the fundamental principles of rate regulation upon which present administration relies. This has been admirably done by others. Professor Ripley's two scholarly and exhaustive volumes-Railroads : Rates and Regulation and Railroads : Finance and Organization-leave little to be said on the period that he covers. And this period will be recalled only so far as is necessary to create a background for the later history. This volume is written by a teacher, with teachers primarily in mind, and it is hoped that it may serve as a supplement to existing texts, in spite of its obvious departure at times from that nice balancing of conflicting points of view which is commonly supposed to be the outstanding characteristic of the academic mind.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eBut the book has quite another and an equally important object. Effort has been made to relieve the discussion so far as possible of technical features in order to beguile the general reader into at least a hasty perusal. For we have been passing through an extraordinary decade in the relations of railroads and government. More experience and experiment have been crowded into these ten years than into all the remainder of our railroad history of nearly a century.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eWe have employed our transportation machine as a war agency to an extent never before experienced, and for the first time in our history we have ventured upon government operation. Whether or not this experiment may legitimately be employed as an argument for or against nationalization of railroads as a permanent policy, the twenty-six months of federal control demonstrated the soundness and practicability of many projects for more efficient operation under private auspices-projects that will be a subject of lively discussion until they are realized in actual practice.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eAnd again the war experiment shook us out of a lethargic state into which we seemed to have fallen, and started us with renewed vigor on the task of solving this perennial railroad problem. Many of the features of the Transportation Act of 192o had been long advocated, but their advocacy had fallen on deaf ears. And suddenly without ostentation and almost naturally they became a part of our regulating statute.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eMore than this, the railroads are now officially placed in a new relation to the public, and the regulating body is imposed with a mandate that requires it to recognize this relationship. Congress has formally declared that it is the business of the Government to provide the public with adequate and efficient transportation service and to assure to private capital the revenue needed to accomplish the purpose. A new responsibility is placed upon the Interstate Commerce Commission. But this very fact emphasizes and enforces the public nature of the industry with which we are dealing. Railroad executives and railroad labor are warned as never before that they are administering a public trust, and that the future policy of the nation will be influenced by the character of their stewardship.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eWe are entering then upon a new phase of the railroad problem, in which knowledge and sound wisdom is called for from the electorate. It has been the wish of the author to contribute his mite to an intelligent understanding of the issue.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eIt is desired to acknowledge the courtesy of the respective editors of the Quarterly Journal of Economics, the publications of the American Economic Association, and the Carnegie Economic Studies of the War for permission to use in condensed form portions of articles that have appeared under their auspices. The author rests under especial obligation to Dr. Julius H. Parmelee, Director, and Mr. Richard H. Johnston, Librarian, of the Bureau of Railway Economics, in Washington, who have placed unreservedly at his disposal their advice and services, and their unrivalled collection of printed and manuscript material on railroad problems.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri;font-size:1.13em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eFRANK HAIGH DIXON.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.0em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eAll pictures are of the actual item.  There may be reflection from the lights in some photos.   We try to take photos of any damage.    If this is a railroad item, this material is obsolete and no longer in use by the railroad.  Please email with questions. Publishers of Train Shed Cyclopedias and Stephans Railroad Directories. Large inventory of railroad books and magazines. Thank you for buying from us.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.13em;color:#CE0000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eShipping charges\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.0em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eUS Shipments:  Ebay will add $1.25 each additional items, there are a few exceptions.    \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Arial;font-size:1.0em;color:#000000;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;\"\u003eEbay Global shipping charges are shown. These items are shipped to Kentucky and forwarded to you. 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