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Lighthouses of Casco Bay by Peter Dow Bachelder 1975 Soft Cover 88 pages
Lighthouses of Casco Bay by Peter Dow Bachelder 1975 Soft Cover 88 pages
Copyright 1975
By Peter Dow Bachelder
Soft Cover
88 pages
The history of lighthouses in the United States dates back to 1715-16 when the first beacon on the continent was erected by the Province of Massachusetts at the entrance to Boston Harbor. This light was supported by duties levied on all incoming and outgoing vessels, except coastwise traffic.
During the next seventy-two years a total of twelve lighthouses was built by the colonies ranging from Massachusetts as far south as South Carolina. At the organization of the Federal Government in 1789 four others had been undertaken and stood in various stages of completion. These included : Portland Head, Maine ; Tybee, at the entrance to the Savannah River, Georgia ; Cape Henry, Virginia ; and Bald Head, at the entrance to the Cape Fear River, North Carolina.
On August 7, 1789, the maintenance of all navigational aids including lighthouses was put in charge of the Bureau of Lighthouses under the jurisdiction of the Treasury Department. The Secretary of the Treasury himself directed its operations. In 1820 this supervision was transferred to the Fifth Auditor of the Treasury.
During the 1830's Lighthouse Bureau officials sent out a number of inspectors to make detailed investigations of light stations throughout the country. The purpose of the studies was to determine methods for increasing individual station efficiency. These investigations lasted several years and eventually resulted in the formation of the U. S. Lighthouse Board on October 9, 1852. With the Secretary of the Treasury acting as its chairman, the newly-formed Board was composed of two Navy officers, two from the Army Corps of Engineers and two highly regarded civilians in the scientific field. This group was to oversee an ambitious program that would modernize and set new standards of operation for the entire system of navigational aids.
The Lighthouse Board remained in the Treasury Department until July 1, 1903 when it moved under the control of the Department of Commerce & Labor. In 1910 a simpler form of organization called the Bureau of Lighthouses replaced it. On July 1, 1939 President Franklin D. Roosevelt transferred the Lighthouse Bureau's duties to the jurisdiction of the U. S. Coast Guard, where it rests today.
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