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Life of Elbert H Gary, The A Story of Steel by Ida M Tarbell Hard Cover
The Life of Elbert H Gary A Story of Steel by Ida M Tarbell
Hard Cover Inscription on front page, Owners tag on iside cover. Some pages have smudges along the top edge.
361 pages
Copyright 1925
CONTENTS
Preface V
I. The Background 1
Ii. The Boy Elbert 20
Iii. Student-Lawyer-Judge 43
Iv. Gary Goes Into Iron And Steel 72
V. The Billion-Dollar Corporation 98
Vi. Who Shall Rule ? 126
Vii. Labor 152
Viii. Roosevelt And Gary 178
Ix. The Attack 207
X. Gary And The War 241
Xi. Gary And Labor 279
Xii. Gary-Industrial Leader 317
Index 357
Illustrations
E. H. Gary Frontispiece
Pacing Page
Susan A. Gary, The Mother Of Judge Gary 14
Erastus Gary, Judge Gary's Father 14
Elbert Gary At About Ten Years Of Age 28
The First "Gary School," Pomfret, Connecticut 28
Judge Hiram H. Cody 44
Col. Henry Vallette 44
Judge Cody And Colonel Vallette Before
Their Law Office In Naperville, Illinois 44
Elbert Gary At Eighteen Years Of Age 50
Elbert Gary In 1871 50
J. Pierpont Morgan 82
Judge Gary At The Time He Became President
Of The Federal Steel Company 94
H. C. Frick 110
Charles M. Schwab In 1901 110
Percival Roberts, Jr118
Robert Bacon 118
Andrew Carnegie, The "Steel Master,"
About 1896 140
Employees Of The Steel Corporation Who
Were Still Holding In January, 1924, The
First Stock In The Company Offered To
Them In 1903 168
Employees' Hospital, Birmingham, Alabama 168
Theodore Roosevelt 180
Quebec Bridge, Across The St. Lawrence River 226
Judge Gary On His Farm 266
Members Of The Finance Committee, United
States Steel Corporation, Visiting Bayview,
Alabama, June 7, 1917 266
Mass Of Modern Steel Buildings Surrounding
Old Trinity Church 336
Finance Committee, United States Steel
Corporation, April 1925 348
PREFACE
A year and a half ago the publishing house of D. Appleton & Company invited me to prepare a Life of Judge Gary, Chief Executive Officer of the United States Steel Corporation. The project had already been discussed with Judge Gary and a promise secured from him that if I would undertake the work he would turn over biographical data already gathered, and open to me the records of the Corporation.
So unusual an opportunity was not to be passed by a writer who for twenty-five years has been dealing with one or another phase of contemporary business and industrial history. Judge Gary belongs to a group of powerful men who in the last fifty years have led in the creation in the United States of what we call Big Business. The most conspicuous of these leaders have been the elder Rockefeller in oil, the elder Morgan in banking, E. H. Harriman in railroads, and in the earlier half of the period Andrew Carnegie in steel. These men of undoubted financial and commercial genius typified certain attitudes of mind toward business and were the sponsors of practices and an etiquette essential to understand if we are to have a realizing and helpful sense of the actual development and meaning and potentiality of Big Business.
Judge Gary is a leading figure among them, not because he is the head of the country's greatest industrial corporation, but chiefly because he has been a leader in developing a code of business practices, an attitude of mind radically at odds with that of the powerful at the time he became a factor to be reckoned with in their world.
From his entrance into steel, he held that the prevailing code was essentially wrong and also impracticable-bound to destroy rather than to establish a corporation. The unusual degree of success he has had in bringing his associates and competitors in the steel industry to accept his policies is the most significant story of the American business world of the last twenty-five years.
The story is written in voluminous records-government hearings, investigations and examinations of the Corporation; sworn testimony in court; written correspondence; technical and controversial literature; the daily newspaper comments; the files of the Bureau of Safety and Sanitation; the minutes of the Finance Committee and the Board of Directors. All of this important source material, printed or in manuscript, is in the open library or under lock and key at the Corporation's headquarters, and as promised has been freely opened to me. Whenever I have found in it references to reports or letters which it seemed to me might illuminate a doubtful point, these have always been cheerfully unearthed and exhibited to me whatever the expense of time and trouble.
The unique Industrial Museum of the American Steel and Wire Company at Worcester, Massachusetts, the technical collections on wire and steel of the Congressional Library and the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh have been found useful. Other sources consulted have been the Roosevelt papers in the Manuscript Department of the Congressional Library of Washington; records of the Federal Trade Commission in the matter of "Pittsburgh Plus"; and the full correspondence of President Harding, Secretary Hoover and Judge Gary regarding the abolition of the twelve-hour day.
I have been helped in my effort to understand these records by many persons associated with Judge Gary in the development of the Corporation, including officers, members of the Finance Committee, and presidents and executives of the subsidiary companies. I have also talked with many of his competitors and with persons connected with various government investigations and prosecutions, among them Mr. James Garfield, Secretary of Commerce and Labor under President Roosevelt; and Mr. George W. Wickersham, Attorney-General during President Taft's administration.
Judge Gary himself has been generous in taking time to discuss with me the events of his life, to explain his professional policies and principles and his relations with his contemporaries, among whom are some of the most important figures in the industrial and business life of the country in the last twenty-five years. These conversations have been an interesting and illuminating experience. It was possible to voice freely to Judge Gary my own points of view, to express whatever doubts I may have had of a particular policy or performance, to be listened to respectfully and to talk the matter out in that impersonal and unbiased spirit which so many of his associates and competitors consider one of his most remarkable characteristics.
It will be seen from this summary statement that the facts in this book are drawn from the most authentic sources, in many instances unpublished and hitherto inaccessible.
The responsibility for the interpretations made rests solely with the author.
IDA M. TARBELL.
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