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American Railroad Network 1861-1890, The By George Taylor & Irene Neu Soft Cover
The American Railroad Network 1861-1890 By George Taylor & Irene Neu
Soft Cover
Copyright 1956 2003 reprint edition
113 Pages Indexed FOLD OUT MAP Sticker remains on back cover
Table of contents:
Preface IX
Introduction to the Illinois Paperback Mark Reutter XI
I. FOCUSING THE PROBLEM I
Historical Background
The Dominance of Local Interests to 1861
The Integration of the Railroad Net, 1861-1890
II. THE RAILROAD MAP, 1861 8
Construction of the Railroad Map
Sources of Map Information
Representation of Gauges
Gauge Differences
III. NEW ENGLAND AND CANADA, 1861 15
Spokes to the Hub
Portland's Bid for Railroad Empire
Montreal and the Canadian System
IV. THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES, 1861 23
New York's Three Systems
Philadelphia's Railroad Domain
Baltimore's B and O
Barriers at Western Gateways: Buffalo and Erie
Barriers at Western Gateways: Pittsburgh, Wheeling, and Parkersburg
V. THE MIDWEST AND SOUTH, 1861 35
Gauge Differences in the Midwest
City Rivalries in the Midwest
The Beginnings of a Rail Network in the South
Gauge Differences in the South
Railroad Connections in Southern Cities
VI. THE TREND TOWARD INTEGRATION, 1861-1870 49
Early Shipping Patterns
Factors Encouraging Railway Integration
Effect of the Civil War
Gauge of the First Transcontinental Railroad
Growth of the Grain Trade
VII. SOLVING THE GAUGE DIFFERENTIALS, 1861-1880 58
"Compromise" and Sliding Wheels; Car Hoists
"Double" Gauges
Narrow Gauge Railways
VIII. THE FAST FREIGHT LINES, 1861-1890 67
Background
Early Fast Freight Lines
Cooperative Fast Freight Lines
The Pattern of the Fast Freight Lines
Growth and Abuses
IX. LAST STEPS IN INTEGRATION, I880-1890 77
Toward a Nation-wide Standard Gauge
The South Joins the Union
A Footnote on Gauge
The Railroad Pattern in 1890
NOTES 85
APPENDIX. Key to Abbreviations of Railroad Lines Appearing on the Maps 101
INDEX 109
MAPS (at end of book)
UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN RAILWAYS, April 1, 1861, Part I: Canada, New England, and the Middle Atlantic States.
UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN RAILWAYS, April 1, 1861, Part II: Canada and the Midwestern States.
UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN RAILWAYS, April 1, 1861, Part III: Southern States.
PREFACE
This volume grew out of the realization that the railroad maps available for the pre-Civil War years present a seriously misleading picture of the degree of physical integration of American railroads. The first task attempted was to construct a more meaningful map. When this was accomplished questions immediately arose: Why the lack of integration of the American railroad net as late as 1860 When, by what means, and why did a unified network emerge in the following three decades? Obviously a thoroughgoing answer to these questions would involve telling the whole story of American economic and transportation history in the nineteenth century -an intention far beyond the limits of this study. We have, therefore, contented ourselves with describing and emphasizing certain significant aspects of the situation and suggesting some solutions to the problems raised.
The first five chapters of this book are primarily the work of George Rogers Taylor, the last four of Irene D. Neu. But the project has been a cooperative one and the authors take joint responsibility for what is presented. The research on the first five chapters and the drafting of the maps were made possible by a grant from the Joseph B. Eastman Foundation at Amherst College. Work on the last four chapters was generously financed by the Committee on Research in Economic History. Many persons assisted the authors in one way or another. At the risk of being invidious, a few bows must be made. Arthur H. Cole from the beginning gave generously of his time and indispensably of encouragement and advice. For aid in clearing up difficult points or in going far beyond the call of duty in answering letters of enquiry we are under special obligation to: Robert C. Black, Ill, C. K. Brown, C. J. Corliss, Elizabeth 0. Cullen, Charles E. Fisher, G. P. deT. Glazebrook, William K. Lamb, Paul F. Lining, Walter R. Marvin, Andrew Forest Muir, Richard C. Overton, Robert M. Sutton, Charles W. Turner, and D. W. Yungmeyer. For many hours of assistance in preparing the maps we are indebted to John V. Bowmcr and Mary Alice KaHet
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