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American Locomotives An Engineering History 1830-1880 by John White w/Dust jacke
American Locomotives An Engineering History 1830-1880 John H. White Jr
American Locomotives An Engineering History 1830-1880
John H. White, Jr.
Hard Cover Dust Jacket
504 Pages
Copyright 1968
Contents
PREFACE vii
A NOTE ON SOURCES ix
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xv
PART I
ERA OF FUNDAMENTAL LOCOMOTIVE DESIGN
1. INTRODUCTION 3
2. BRITISH IMPORTS 7
3. AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVE BUILDERS . . . 13
Regional Considerations 14
Regional Influences on Design 15
Manufacturing Facilities 16
Production 19
Business Aspects of Locomotive Building 23
Standard Design 25
Export of American Locomotives 27
4. MATERIALS USED IN LOCOMOTIVE
CONSTRUCTION 29
Wood 30
Copper and Brass 30
Cast Iron 30
Wrought Iron 31
Steel 32
5. LOCOMOTIVE TYPES AND WHEEL
ARRANGEMENTS 33
The 4-2-0 33
The 4-4-0 46
The 4-6-0 57
The 2-6-0 62
The 2-8-0 65
The 0-4-0,0-6-0, and 0-8-0 66
6. PERFORMANCE 71
Train Speeds 73
Locomotive Power 74
Annual Mileage 77
Performance Costs 77
Fuel Costs per Mile 77
Labor Costs 79
Repair Costs 79
Lubricating Costs 79
Operating Cost Trends 80
7. FUEL 83
Coal-Burning 86
PART II
COMPONENTS
8. BOILERS AND BOILER ACCESSORIES . . . . 93
Boilers 93
Boiler Construction 97
Boiler Tubes 99
Boiler Lagging and Jackets 100
Firebox Construction 102
Coal-Burning Fireboxes 105
Grates 108
Grate Area and Heating Surface 110
Smokeboxes 111
Blast Pipes 111
Variable Exhausts 113
Smokestacks and Spark Arrestors 114
The Bonnet Stack 117
The Centrifugal Stack 120
Perforated Cone Stacks 121
Smokebox Spark Arrestors 123
Feed-Water Pumps 124
Injectors 128
Gauge Glasses and Cocks 132
Steam Gauges 133
Feed-Water Heaters 137
Superheaters 142
Throttles 145
Safety Valves 146
9. RUNNING GEARS 151
Introduction 151
Suspension 151
Springs 156
Frames 158
Bar Frames 159
Riveted Frames 161
Slab-Rail Frames 162
Frame Construction 164
Trucks 167
Iron-Frame Trucks 169
Spread Trucks 172
Safety Trucks 173
Trailing Trucks 175
Driving Wheels and Axles 175
Iron Wheels 176
Cushion Wheels 177
Axles 178
Tires 179
Cast-Iron Tires 181
Steel Tires 182
Locomotive Brakes 184
Rods and Crossheads 184
Rods 184
Crossheads 186
Valve Gears 187
Independent Cutoffs 189
Variable Cutoffs 192
Link Motion 194
Radial Valve Gears 199
Corliss Valve Gears 201
Valves and Valve Ports 202
Valve and Cylinder Lubrication 204
Cylinders 206
Inside Connection 208
Compound Locomotives 209
[0. MISCELLANEOUS CONSIDERATIONS . . . . 211
Cowcatchers 211
Bells and Whistles 212
Headlights 215
Decorative Treatment and Finish 218
Cabs 221
Tenders 223
The Sandbox and Other Traction-Increasers 234
PART III
REPRESENTATIVE AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVES
Stourbridge Lion, 1829 239 John Bull, 1831 248
Lancaster, 1834 269
Dunham, ca. 1837 280 Gowan and Marx, 1839 287 Winans' 4-4-0, 1843-49 297 Philadelphia, 1849 302 Copiapo, 1850 311
Four Fast Passenger Locomotives of the Hudson River Railroad 320
Champlain, 1849 322 Croton, 1851 328 Columbia, 1852 337
Superior, 1854 341
Susquehanna, A Winans
Camel, 1854 347
Talisman, 1856-57 358
The Tyson Ten Wheeler, 1857 366
Phantom, 1857 383
Southport, 1857 392
The Flexible-Beam-Truck
Locomotive, 1857 396
A Rogers Mogul of 1863 407
The Erie Mogul No. 254, 1865 416
The Rogers 4-4-0, ca. 1865 422
Consolidation, 1866 427
The Baldwin Ten Wheeler, 1870 437
Summary 443
Although there have been many romanticized treatments of the steam locomotive in America, this is the first comprehensive technical history of the early development of the machine. A major reason for this seemingly inexplicable gap has been the inaccessability of contemporary documents and drawings. Additionally, most of the surviving locomotives have been rebuilt so often that little of the original construction remains. Mr. White's task was therefore formidable, and he spent over seven years gathering information and illustrations for this volume. The result is a definitive reference work that will prove to be indispensable for anyone who wants to study the dimensions and evolution of the
American locomotive.
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