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Long Ships Passing by Walter Havighurst Story of the Great Lakes Hard Cover
Long Ships Passing by Walter Havighurst
The story of the Great Lakes
Hard Cover
291 pages
Copyright 1942
CONTENTS
I. SEAS OF SWEET WATER
1. Mirage and the Mapmakers4
2. The Five Sisters22
3. Panorama from a Graveyard34
4. The Big Sea Water42
II. THE VANISHED FLEETS
5. "In a Handy Three-Master"56
6. Golden Cargo76
7. Sawdust on the Wind86
8. I Hear America Singing 96
9. Smoke Clouds Blowing 104
10. Wagon Wheels in the Rigging120
11. Kingdom in Lake Michigan146
III. A STAR TO STEER BY
12. The Fleet That Sailed on Land158
13. Death in the Copper Country166
14. Log of the Independence174
15. The Iron Mountains18o
16. Coming of the Scootie-nabbie-quon186
IV. THE LONG SHIPS PASSING
17. Deep Voices at the Soo196
18. Boom Years on the Ranges208
19. Freshwater Ships218
20. A Fleet Was Frozen In226
21. Fathoms Deep But Not Forgotten238
22. The Big Storm250
23. Freshwater Men258
24. From Duluth to Deep Water 268
Acknowledgments277
Bibliography 279
Index281
INDEX
Agassiz, Louis, 44
Alaska, 139
Albany, N.Y., 127; Evening Journal, 29
Alger, Smith Logging Company, 118
Algic Researches, 47
Algonquin tribes, 6, 10, 18; language, 12-13, 15, 92, 233
Allegheny Mountains, 25
Allers, Captain Charley, 547, 154
Allouez, Claude, 11, 13, 14
Alpena, Mich., 92-94, 98, 107-108, 118; lumber barons, sawmills of, 93; old-time lumbermen still living in, 93-94
Ambassador Bridge, 29
American Fur Trading Company, 35, 162
Amherstburg, 66
Anchor Line, 261
Angelique, Indian woman, 163, 169-172
Apostle Islands, 31-32, 100, 169, 176
Arkansas, 9
Arkansas River, 15
Artois, 17
Ashland, Wis., 25, 31, 36, 39, 99, 100, 177, 213, 270
Ashtabula, Ohio, 26, 27, 39
Astoria, N.Y., 36
Atlantic Ocean, zo, 23, 66, 70, 83, 128, 135, 240, 260, 269, 270, 271
Au Gres River, 91
Au Sable, Mich., 17
Au Sable River, 92
Averill, Capt., 175, 176, 177
Babcock, W. I., 222
Baltimore, Md., 70, 274
Baltimore & Ohio R.R., 39
Bancroft, 11
Bancroft House, 90
Bannockburn, 241
Bar Point, 28
Barclay, Capt., 62
Bathurst, Lord, 63
Bay City, Mich., 87, 89, 95, 106-107, 140, 187, 221, 251
Bay de Noc, 109, 131, 212
Bayfield, Capt. Henry Wolsey, 161
Beaver Falls, 24
Beaver Island, 547-154, 240
Bell, John, 67
Belle Isle, Detroit, 29
Bernard's Light, 232
Bessemer steel, 212
Bete Grise Bay, 49, 177
Bethlehem, Pa., 271
Bethune monastery, 17
Big Sable Point, 116
Bird Island, 77
Black Hawk War, 80, 125, 127
Black River, 92
Black Rock, N.Y., 65, 77, 79, 88, 123
Block, Miss Babette, 265
Blue Water International Bridge, 29
Bob-Lo Island, 28
Bois Brule, 49
Bonga, Stephen, 35, 215
Book of the Law of the Lord, The, 150, 153
Boston, 51, 100, 168, 273, 274
Boston Mining Company, 163, 175
Bowen, Mrs. E., 239
"Boy" boats, 106
Brace, Capt. C. S., 239
Breckenridge, John C., 67
Brute, Etienne, 10
Brule, River, 99
Bryant, William Cullen, 159
Buffalo, N.Y., 26, 38, 64, 65, 66, 69, 73, 77-79, 81-83, 87, 88, 95, 101, 116, 118, 124, 125, 126, 128, 134, 136, 137, 140, 141, 221, 235, 240, 241, 243, 252, 271, 273, 274; Morning Express, 51
Buffalo Light, 142
Burch, Jonathan, 92
Burlington, Wis., 148, 154
Burt, John, 201
Burt, Wellington R., 90
Burt, William A., 9, 51, 181, 182
Burton, Capt. William, 83
Byers, Ed, 111
Cadillac, 61
Cadotte, Achille, 163, 165
Calais, 17
Callan, Bill, 90
Calumet, Mich., 31, 51, 168
Calumet Mining Company, 168
Campau, Louis, 87
Canada, 24, 30, 31, 36, 135, 223, 260;
Board of Grain Commissioners, 235
Canfield, Capt. Augustus, 201
Cape Horn, 269
Carnegie, Andrew, 181
Carp River, 51, 100, 181
Carus, Capt. Edward, 74, 247
Cass, Gen. Lewis, 32, 44, 123
Cass River, 89
Cayuga Creek, 57
Champlain, 5, 6, 10
Charity Islands, 59
Charlevoix, Mich., 91
Chautauqua, N.Y., 148
Cheboygan, Mich., 25, 91, 94, 95, 251, 265
Chequamegon Bay, 13, 169
Chesapeake & Ohio R.R., 39
Chicago, 5, 10, 23, 25, 26, 38, 39, 66, 68, 73, 80-81, 82-83, 94, 95, 97, 98, 118, 121, 125, 126, 128, 129, 140, 147, 175, 224, 240, 241, 243, 252, 261, 269, 270; great fire of, 99, I07, 108, I15; Grain Market, 236
Chicago & North Western Railway, 212
Chicago River, 16, 80, 81, 108, 126, 142, 269
China, 5, 6
Chippewa Indians, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 19, 43-49, 63, 87, 123, 129, 147, 159, 188, 190, 191, 202, 203, 204, 205, 229, 242; language, 30, 45, 47, 49, 215; legends, 8, 31, 46-49, 203
Cholera, 82, 125-126, 188, 203 Christian doctrine, 15
Christiansund, Norway, 141
Church, Philetus, 229
Church Hill Weather Tower, 153
Cicero, Paulette, 94
Civil War, 92, 98, 140, 209, 270
Clason, Lewis, 92
Clay, Henry, 36, 200, 201
Claypool, Nottinghamshire, 263
Cleveland, Ohio, 10, 25, 26-27, 37, 38, 39, 64, 66, 73, 74, 79-80, 81, 94, 105, 118, 122, 127, 131, 140, 163, 184, 221, 222, 239, 240, 251, 256, 263, 264, 269
Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company, 189, 201
Cleveland Mine, 182, 189
Cleveland sawmill, on Lake Superior, 100
Cliff Mine, 51, 164, 176
Clinton, De Witt, 77-78
Cloquet, Minn., 119
Collingwood, Ont., 260
Columbia River, 40
Conestoga wagons, 40
Confederated Islands, 32
Conneaut, Ohio, 26, 27, 220
Cooke, Jay, 36-37
Coolidge, Calvin, 272
Copper Harbor, Mich., 164, 167, 176, 254, 255
Coppermine Point, 255
Cornish miners, 38, 209, 210-211
Coulby, Harry, 26, 263
Crimean War, 83
Cristobal, 198
Cross Village, 115
Crystal Falls, Mich., 212
Cuba, 70
Cuyahoga River, 27, 79, 80, 127, 222, 239, 263, 264, 265
Cuyuna Iron Range, 215
Dabton, Father, 50
Dakota, North and South, 33
Dalton, Henry G., 261, 264
Davenport, Iowa, 35
Davenport, Capt. James, 115, 243
Davidson, James, 221, 222, 261, 262, 263
Davis Lock, 205
Dead River, 51, 100
Death's Door, 259
De Pere, Wis., 49
Des Plaines River, 15
De Tour, Mich., 3o, 52, 74, 123, 227, 228, 229, 231, 234, 251
Detroit, Mich., 25, 26, 28, 29, 5o, 52, 6i, 63, 64, 65, 73, 74, 88, 94, 116, 117, 118, 121, 122, 123-4, 125-6, 127, 131, 141, 167, 168, 169, 170, 187, 197, 202, 203, 240, 269
Detroit River, 25, 59, 65, 87, 122, 162, 242, 271
Dickens, Charles, 127
Dollar, Robert, 273
Door Peninsula, 24
Douglas, Stephen A., 67, 68
Drummond's Island, 49
Duddleson, Capt., 253
Dulhut, Daniel de Grosolon, Sieur, 18, 60
Duluth, Minn., 24, 26, 32, 36-41, 60, 74, 119, 163, 214, 210, 221, 223, 234, 235, 241, 243, 245-247, 252, 261, 271
Duluth & Iron Range R.R., 37, 39, 100
Duluth, Mesabi & Northern R.R., 39, 216
Dunkirk, 17
Dutch settlers, 26, 129, 130-134
Eagle Harbor, Mich., 254
Eagle River, Mich., 164, 167, 169, 176, 177
Ecorse, Mich., 29
Eldred, Anson, 92
Eldred, Julius, 50
Ely, H. B., 184, 209
Emerson, Curt, 90-91
Emmet County, 152
Erie, Lake, 9, 10, 23, 25, 26, 28, 31, 38, 58-59, 61-63, 65-67, 74, 82, 84, 88, 105, 118, 121, 124, 125, 128, 129, 140, 183, 235, 239, 240, 242, 248, 252, 269
Erie Canal, 24, 26, 40, 65, 77-78, 81, 121, 127, 148
Escanaba, Mich., 36, 39, 66, 99, 212, 223, 242
Euclid Avenue, 25
Evans, Edwin Townsend, 141, 221
Everett, J. D. H., 178
Everett, Philo, 9, 51, ,81-,82
Fairbanks, E. T., & Company, 202
Fairchild, Charley, 113
Fairport, Ohio, 131
Farmer's Ridges, 230
Field, Elvira, 150, 152
Fifield, Wis., 119
Finnish settlers, 30, 38, 227
Firelands, the, 28
Firth of Forth, 137
Fish, Capt. Job, 121, 122
Fisher Tower, 29
Fitz-Herbert, Mrs., 45
Flint, Mich., 87
Flint River, 89
Ford, Henry, 182
Forest fires, 107-119
Forestville, Mich., 116
Forrester, Mich., 116
Fort Brady, 197, 199-200, 228
Fort Dearborn, 10, 80, 125
Fort Erie, 62, 63
Fort Frontenac, 59
Fort Gratiot, 125
Fort Mackinac, 62, 204
Fort Malden, 61
Fort St. Joseph, 232
Fort St. Louis, 60
Fort Wilkins, 176
Fort William, 31, 49, 223, 235, 236, 254, 255
Fox River, 7-8, 15; portage, 7, 8, 9, 15
France, 11
Franklin, Benjamin, 215
French River, 9, 61
Frontenac, Count, 57
Fur trade, 18-20, 87
Garden Island Shoal, 151
Garden River Indians, 229
Geerlings family, 130
Gelderland, 130
George IV, 45
George, Lake, 228, 229
Georgian Bay, 9, 10, 11, 40, 260
German settlers, 23, 26, 38, 82, 129, 114, 188, 203
Gitche Gumee, 31, 47
Giwideonaning, 30
Gogebic iron range, 212-214, 216
Goose Island, 232
Gooseberry River, 18
Grain trade, 66, 81-84, 136, 270-271
Grand Marais, 49
Grand Portage, 19
Grand Rapids & Indiana R.R., 98
Grand River, 239
Grand Sable Banks, 167
Grant Park, 23, 25
Graveraet, Robert J., 187, 188
Grays Reef Light, 142, 151
Great Freeze, 235-236
Great Lakes News, 265
Great Lakes-Tidewater Association, 271
Great Northern Railway, 39
Green Bay, 6-7, 9, 15, 17, 19, 38, 59, 99, 109, 122, 190, 259
Green Bay, Wis., 13
Greenough, William, 228
Groseilliers, MChouart, Sieur de, 9, 18
Groundwater, John, 251, 256
Gull Island, 100
Halley, Myron, 78
Hamburg, Germany, 126
Hancock, Mich., 31. 51, 168
Harbor Beach, Mich., 251
Harding, Warren G., 272
Harvey, Charles T., 201-204
Hayes, John, 163
Hayes, Rutherford B., 212
Hennepin, Louis, 9, 16-18, 20, 23, 24, 57, 58-59, 60
Henry, Alexander, 44, 50
Henry of Navarre, 14
Herman, Eugene, 265-266
Hiawatha, 48
Hibbing, Minn., 2,6
Hill, Jim, 141
Hillman, Mich., 107
Hinckley, Minn., 119
Holland, Mich., 38
Hoover, Herbert, 272
Horvath, George, 112
Houghton, Douglass, 9, 50, 116, 163-164, 167-169, 187
Houghton, Mich., 31, 51, 66, 168
Hubbard, Bela, 116
Hudson Bay, 58, 215
Hudson River, 24, 78, 81, 121, 124, 136, 260, 269
Hudson's Bay Company, 63, 161
Hull, Gen. William, 61
Humphrey, Capt. Jasper, 69-71
Hurley, Wis., 212, 213, 214
Huron Indians, 5, 6, 10, 11, 13
Icelandic settlers, 38
Ile au Galets, 102
Illinois, 23, 68, 81, 121, 128; Lake of the, see Lake Michigan
Illinois and Michigan Canal, 80
Illinois Indians, 14, 16, 18, 60
Illinois River, 15, 17, 269
Illinois Waterway, 269
Immigrant boats, 26, 67, 81, 121, 124-139,141-144
Indian treaties, 44, 87, 181, 204
Ingalls, Charlie, 109-115
Interlake Steamship Company, 264
International Deepwater Commission, 270, 271
Irish settlers, 23, 26, 38, 82, 134, 203, 209
Iron King Mine, 214
Iron Mountain, Mich., 212
Iron River, Wis., 119, 212
Ironwood, Mich., 212, 213
Iroquois Indians, 9, 18
Ishpeming, Mich., 182, 209, 210, 211
Isle Royale, 8, 31, 161, 163, 169-172, 215
Itasca, Lake, 44
Jackson, Mich., 181
Jackson Mine, 182
Jesuit Relations, 11-16
Jesuits, 5-16, 31, 197, 227
Johnson, Capt., 199-200
Johnson, Levi, 79-80
Johnson's Lives of the Poets, 44
Joliet, Louis, 9, 15
Jones, Herbert, 256
Juneau County, Wis., 35
Kalamazoo, Mich., 124
Kansas, 264
Kaskaskia, Ill., 16
Kewaunee, Wis., 243
Keweenaw Penninsula, 13, 31, 50-52, 162, 164, 167-169, 175, 176-177, 219, 241, 253
Kichiwiski, Chippewa chief, 24, 37
Kilbourn, Byron, 80
King Strang Hotel, 153
Kingston, Ont., 8, 136
Kingston, Wis., 137
Knudson, Martin, 259
La Branche, 160
Lake Carriers' Association, 1,8, 232, 233-234, 259
Lake Erie and Ohio Canal, 27, 64, 79
Lake George, in St. Mary's River, 49
Lake Huron, 1, 9, 20, 23, 25, 59, 63, 74, 87, 88, 90, 92, 95, 107, 108, 116, 117, 1,8, 123, 125, 131, 143, 160, 161, 228, 240, 241, 243-5, 248, 251-2, 256, 261, 265
Lake Superior & Ishpeming R.R., 39
Lake Superior Copper Company, 175
Langford, Joe, 27
L'Anse la Bouteille, 49
Lansing, Mich., 108, 152
Lapeer County, Mich., 116
La Pointe, 13, 14, 49, 169, 176
La Salle, Robert Cavelier, Sieur de, 57-60
Laurentian Mountains, 30, 183, 197
Leafield, 239
Leavitt, B. F., 244
Les Chenaux Islands, 231
Limestone trade, 93
Lincoln, Abraham, 67
Little Cedar River, 99, 115
Little Silver River, 169
Liverpool, 220, 269, 270, 271
Livingstone, William, 233
London, 100, 168
Long Point, 140
Lorain, Ohio, 26, 223
Ludington, Mich., 16, 91, 97
Lumber trade, 73, 87-102
McDougall, Alexander, 260-261
Mack, Andrew, 125
McKay, Capt. George Perry, 164-165, 172, 177
McKenney, Thomas, 234
Mackenzie, Alexander, 9
Mackinac, Straits of, 5-8, 9, 11, 14, 16, 38, 46, 59, 63, 131, 162, 189, 235, 275
Mackinac Island, 16, 19, 23, 52, 61, 88, 122, 123, 125, 129, 137, 150, 152, 160, 197, 229, 232, 251
Mackinaw City, Mich., 9, 107
McKnight, Sheldon, 160-161, 168, 200
McNutt, Betsy, 152
Madeline Island, 31
Mahoning Pit, 216
Maine, 90
Majji Gessick, Chippewa chief, 181, 182
Manistee, Mich., 91, 97, 98, 108
Manistee Rivers, 98
Manistique, Mich., 49, 99, 243
Manitou Islands, 147, 242
Manitowoc, Wis., 74, 99, 131, 133,
Michigan, schooner, 63-64
Michigan, U.S. gunboat, 151, 152
Mineral Rock, steamer, 165, 231
Mink, schooner, 161
Minnesota, steamer, 71
Monticello, steamer, 175
Nancy, schooner, 63, 231
Napoleon, steamer, 184, 190
Nasmuth, barge, 245-246
Niagara, packet boat, 78
Noah's Ark, packet boat, 78
North American, steamer, 142
North Star, steamer, 233
North West, steamer, 141
Northern City, steamer, 111, 114-115
Northland, steamer, 141
Ocean, schooner, 164
Odd Fellow, steamer, 106
Ogdensburg, steamer, 140, 141
Onaka, steamer, 221, 222
Ontario, steamer, 121, 269
Orlando M. Poe, steamer, 205
Osceola, brig, 81
Otter, schooner, 161
Pacific, brigantine, 269
Peninsula, steamer, 184
Pewabic, steamer, 244
Phoenix, steamer, 105, 130
Pilot, schooner, 79-80
Pioneer, steamer, 124
Plymouth Rock, steamer, 139, 260
R. J. Hackett, steamer, 221
R. W. England, steamer, 245
Recovery, schooner, 161
Regina, steamer, 256
Rouse Simmons, schooner, 243
St. Marie, steamer, 236
Sam Ward, steamer, 184
Scott, brig, 269
See and bee, steamer, 142
Seneca Chief, packet boat, 78
Sheldon Thompson, steamer, 125
Sir William Siemens, steamer, 233
South American, steamer, 142
Superior, steamer, 88, 123-124, 228
Superior City, steamer, 221
Swallow, schooner, 164
Telegraph, steamer, 240
Templeton, steamer, 242
Thomas A. Scott, steamer, 261
Tom Dowling, steam tug, 101
Tregarthen, steamer, 220
Turret Chief, steamer, 254-255
United States Hydrographic Service, 118
United States Steel Corporation, 216
University of Michigan, 167
Upper Lakes & St. Lawrence Transportation Company, 222
Van Anden, Joshua, 159
Vermilion iron range, 37, 214-215
Vermilion, Lake, 36, 37, 215
Vessel Owners' Association, 232
Vessels V. H. Ketchum, steamer, 221
Vandalia, steamer, 127
Victory, steamer, 221, 222
W. E. Fitzgerald, steamer, 234
Walk-in-the-Water, steamer, 88, 121-123
Washington, steamer, 105
Western Metropolis, steamer, 139
Western Star, steamer, 247
Western World, steamer, 139, 260
Westmoreland, steamer, 241-242
Wexford, steamer, 239
William A. Irvin, steamer, 220
William Nottingham, steamer, 255-256
Young Lion of the West, packet boat, 78
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