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Industry Architecture and Engineering American Ingenuity 1750-1950 Eric DeLony
Industry Architecture and Engineering American Ingenuity 1750-1950 by Eric DeLony
Hard Cover w/ dust jacket
287 pages
Copyright ?
CONTENTS
ForewordAmerican Industrial Archaeology Eric DeLony 9
IntroductionThe Industrial Heritage: A Living Memory and an Instrument of Knowledge 21
Part 1The Two Phases of Industrialization in the United States 27
1.A "European-style" Industrialization: New England from Independence to the Civil War 29
Metallurgy, the Pioneers' Heritage Water Mills, the Infrastructure for the First Phase of Industrialization The Alliance of Textiles and Hydraulic Power The Rise in the Scale of Power Paterson and Lowell: The Birth of a Technological Model The Success of the Model in New England The Spread of the Lowell System The American Industrial Landscape Takes Shape
2.The Rise of Industrial Giants: From the Civil War to World War II 57
In the Textile Industry, the Era of Giant Factories The Arrival of the Coke-Fueled Iron and Steel Industry - Naval Yards and Arsenals The Twentieth-Century Factory: Mass Consumption and the Rationalization of Work
Part 2Major Themes in the Industrial Heritage of the United States 109
3.Civil Engineering Takes Command 111
Canals Railroads Bridges by the Thousands Port Facilities
4.Harnessing Natural Resources 163
Upper Michigan: Copper and Iron The Western Mining States: Silver and Copper The Industrial Exploitation of Quarries . Energy Choices Steam Power The Introduction of Oil A New Episode in Water Power
5.The Architecture of Industry 185
The Genealogy of Traditional Factories A Brilliant Interlude: Cast Iron in Nineteenth-Century Architecture A Technical, Functional, and Standardized Architecture Turn-of-the-Century Eclecticism Factory Architecture: Between Death and Rebirth
Part 3Understanding Our Industrial Heritage 215
6.Industrial Landscapes, Industrial Wastelands 217
Industry along the Water Creating the Urban Environment Company Towns From Landscape to Wasteland Industrial Wastelands: A Subject of Debate and an Object of Fascination
7.Rehabilitation, Preservation, Reuse 245
A Movement Takes Form: From Technical Collections to Engineers' Associations The Early Rehabilitation of Industrial Monuments Early Urban Industrial Districts The Concept of the Heritage Corridor Setbacks in Preservation Grain Elevators: A Burdensome Heritage The Problem of Large Iron and Steel Sites
Conclusion 280
Index 281
Bibliography 285
Photograph Credits 286
Acknowledgments 287
DUST JACKET INTRODUCTION
IN THE WAKE OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION in Europe, particularly in England, the United States forged its own industrial economy and rose to preeminence as a world power. This book, the only comprehensive illustrated study of American industrial architecture and civil engineering from the mid-eighteenth century to World War II, is a valuable document of this important aspect of our heritage and a testament to American technology and ingenuity.
Prior to the 1960s, when the historic preservation movement took hold, much of the technological heritage of the United States was lost to natural attrition, urban renewal, and the scrap drives of two world wars. Obsolete or outmoded industrial sites-all of which had contributed to the country's growth and prosperity over three centuries-were threatened by de-industrialization: New England textile mills, Appalachian coal mines, Pennsylvania steel mills, the metal and mineral mines of the West, the port facilities of the Eastern Seaboard, and the automobile plants of Detroit. In 1969, the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) of the National Park Service in Washington, D.C., was chartered by the U.S. Congress to identify, evaluate, interpret, and, when possible, preserve the country's industrial and engineering artifacts: bridges, dams, and canals; mills, factories, and power plants; and other resources of historical interest, including entire industrial districts and corridors. Since then, strategies of rehabilitation and adaptive reuse have allowed segments of the industrial landscape to survive so that future generations can understand and appreciate the country's past achievements.
The compelling photographs included in this book, both historic and contemporary, are mostly drawn from the HAER's impressive collection. Written by experts in the field of industrial archaeology, the text weaves together several significant themes of American history: not just the technological advances and the milestones of civil engineering but also the socioeconomic impact of these developments, as well as their architectural manifestation. Among the important structures and sites featured and discussed in the book are:
The early factories and textile mills of Paterson, New Jersey, and Lowell, Massachusetts, where the American Industrial Revolution began
The mighty steel mills of Pittsburgh and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
The innovative River Rouge automobile plant in Dearborn, Michigan
The Sloss Iron Furnaces of Birmingham, Alabama, the center of the cast-iron industry
All types of bridges, from covered wooden bridges to the pioneering Brookyn Bridge to the great Verrazano Narrows Bridge in New York and the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California
Remarkable feats of civil engineering, such as Hoover Dam and the Erie Canal
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